15929702730001312637261000Standard Recordobject-48107170784747010117053997620001707847461664fitz-onlineadlib-object-48107https://data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/id/object/48107af3ae69a-63a7-3e90-afed-62a32a588a3a7Pandolfo Petrucci commissioned a tile pavement for the Palazzo Petrucci, Siennareferenceagent-174723adlib-agent-174723f5006ccd-3053-3b74-8a64-2ba3ee5b976dPetrucci, Pandolforeferenceterm-108348adlib-term-108348667e7a19-db33-3d85-bd9b-c2dafd8e02fftin-glazed earthenwarereferenceterm-42865adlib-term-4286592be1d50-bb1c-3472-950f-b140ee6cdde9maiolicadark blue, green, yellow, orange, brownish-red, and blackreferenceterm-108364adlib-term-108364115b8729-a560-35c1-b654-4b9d2fc5f68bhigh-temperature coloursDecorationreferenceterm-106226adlib-term-106226194567f2-2bcd-3446-ae31-652386611815paintingreferenceterm-39575adlib-term-39575cdf6707a-1eeb-3622-a26b-6e54f1f8d4abtin-glazeUpper Surfacecream earthenware, tin-glazed on the upper surface. Painted in dark blue, green, yellow, orange, brownish-red, and, on the border tile, black.referenceterm-120059adlib-term-120059dfa315b5-819d-37ab-ab22-bddfdbb3cbe7tin-glazingreferenceterm-1111adlib-term-111146c949dd-f376-3538-878f-397baee5be09mythologyApplied ArtsCream earthenware, tin-glazed on the upper surface. Painted in dark blue, green, yellow, orange, brownish-red, and, on the border tile, black. Pentagonal with part of the right and left sides chipped off.
The main field has a yellow ground decorated with grotesques: a vase and a mask on a pole between addorsed griffins seated on a bowl, flanked by foliated scrolls. The border comprises a narrow row of oval and circular beads, and a wider row of egg and dart ornament.C.127-19271accession numberC.127-192748107priref48107urihttps://data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/id/object/48107https://data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/id/object/48107referenceagent-149638adlib-agent-1496387376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8The Fitzwilliam MuseumF. Leverton Harris Bequest, 1926referenceagent-157197adlib-agent-157197ab234587-3b80-398a-9715-ce74f88dbb64Harris, F. Leverton, The Right Hon.192719271927bequeathed1509CE1509circa1509makerreferenceagent-189453adlib-agent-18945373c60f26-7cd8-3336-9e7e-efe2008e3a3cUnidentified Siena potteryThe use of ornamental grotesques gained impetus in Italy after the discovery in about 1480 of the painted decoration of Nero's Domus Aurea in Rome. By then its rooms were below ground and became known as grotte, from which the term grot¬tesche was derived. Taken up by artists such as Pinturicchio and Signor¬elli, and dissemi¬nated by prints, grotesques rapidly became one of the most popular forms of Renaissance decoration. Maiolica potters working in Siena had local examples in the splendid pendentives of the vault in the Piccolom¬ini Library in the Cathe¬dral, which was commissioned by Cardinal Francesco Piccolomini from Pintur¬icchio and was com¬pleted about 1507. This tile fragment (and C.128-1927, C.129-1927, and C.130-1927) and another border tile fragment which has lost most of its glaze (C.131-1927) formed part of a tile pavement commissioned by Pandolfo Petrucci (1452-1512) for the Camera Bella, one of a suite of rooms in the Palazzo Petrucci which were to be occupied by his heir Borghesi Petrucci on his marriage to Vittoria Piccolomini which took place on 22 September 1509. The room is thought to have been decorated between 1508 and Petrucci's death, and three of the tiles are dated 1509. The pavement comprises pentagonal tiles of two sizes, square tiles and rectangular border tiles. Some of the square tiles are decorated with the quartered arms of Piccolomini and Petrucci, celebrating the 1509 marriage, or with trophies, or with figures in landscapes reminiscent of those by Pinturicchio, Signorelli and Genga. The majority are decorated with grotesques, and the pavement as a whole is one of the most outstanding illustrations of this genre on early sixteenth-century maiolica. Miller and Graves (see Documentation) have shown that the tiles were originally arranged in a way which produced an eight-pointed star and cross pattern comparable to Islamic star and cross tile patterns. The cross being formed by a square tile with four pentagonal tiles around it and the star by a small square with four small pentagonal tiles to form a cross, and four contrasting square tiles in the spaces between them.
The earliest recorded date for the dispersal of the pavement is November 1854 when the British Museum purchased one from the estate of a London dealer, William Forrest, who died in that year. (inv. 1854,11-2,2). The largest group surviving together is in the Victoria and Albert Museum, which acquired 475 tiles from the pavement in the 1857, but now has about 433, and there are over 90 in other collections. Further examples in Britain , are six in the Potteries Museum and Art Gallery, Stoke-on-Trent, two in the National Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh, two in the Courtauld Gallery, London, and two fragments probably from the pavement in the Brtiish Museum. When cataloguing the seventeen tiles in the Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe, Ham¬burg in 1984, Rasmussen listed the locations of other tiles from the pavement, and his list was updated and added to by Thornton and Wilson in 2009. The largest group is held by the Musée du Louvre. (See Documention).referenceterm-129192adlib-term-1291922dba38f0-9a5e-3bba-9551-1573d7540a5916th Century, Earlyreferenceterm-10618adlib-term-106189ebc0ae1-8cf8-312b-832c-9cf44da02136Renaissancereferenceterm-11364adlib-term-113647245b126-74ce-3569-8149-2aeb1daafa35literalItalyItalycountryliteralTuscanyTuscanyregionSienareferenceterm-42861adlib-term-428615b368285-f1a8-3dcf-a5b2-637fd3c3956cearthenwareDepthcm3.2Heightcm19.4Widthcm15.5referenceterm-110002adlib-term-110002ebb4a3e3-f205-389c-9cd1-ccd3a2bff3f8tile fragmentfragment of a tilehistory notePurportedly purchased in Siena by F. Leverton Harris.1same provenancereferenceobject-48109adlib-object-4810953e3a998-96e0-3cd3-9283-6226a9b85f921reference1term-110002adlib-term-110002ebb4a3e3-f205-389c-9cd1-ccd3a2bff3f8tile fragmenttile fragment1same provenancereferenceobject-48119adlib-object-481190ec94ce2-19bb-372c-9b05-fc924e6c187e1reference1term-110002adlib-term-110002ebb4a3e3-f205-389c-9cd1-ccd3a2bff3f8tile fragmenttile fragment1same provenancereferenceobject-71760adlib-object-71760ea784965-aaac-3588-9861-897396227bca1reference1term-89400adlib-term-89400194f8c99-93e1-30de-9465-9209222dafaajugjugreferenceagent-149638adlib-agent-1496387376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8The Fitzwilliam MuseumPubl. pp. 138-139, no. 197App. 138-9referencepublication-3010adlib-publication-3010e3e61863-a797-3051-8d0a-20288306ca36Italian Maiolica and Incised Slipware in the Fitzwilliam Museum CambridgeCf. vol. I, pp. 132-3, no. 386, vol. II, pl. 62, tiles from the Palazzo Petrucci132-3referencepublication-1571adlib-publication-15714e0f6f47-bf3a-3285-8417-f9bff14edde2Victoria and Albert Museum, Catalogue of Italian MaiolicaCf. pp. 176-7 pl. 205, colour illustration of an area of laid floor tiles from the Camera Bella, Palazzo Petrucci, Siena, c. 1509 (Victoria & Albert Museum inv. no. 4915-1857)176-7referencepublication-7526adlib-publication-7526ceb92dd4-7854-3192-82d7-ddfa5f0f3dd4Italian Renaissance MaiolicaCf. pp. 116-27, nos. 79-95, tiles from the Palazzo Petrucci, Siena, where references are given for examples elsewhere.116-27referencepublication-6052adlib-publication-605248f217d2-c44b-3144-be9a-3c7741e5f67eMuseum für Kunst und Gewerbe Hamburg, Italienische MajolikaCf. p. 105-06, no. 374, dated 1509. See also no. 371 and 373 now at Écouen, and nos. 375-99. For a further acquisition see Musée du Louvre, 2003 berlow.105-106referencepublication-1574adlib-publication-1574159ac368-4d4c-3d0c-a949-566b288054c6Catalogue des majoliques des musées nationauxCf. Vol. II, pp. 608-11, no. 378, a pentagonal tile. The authors discuss the pavement in relation to architectural and mural decoration of the period, and the approximate date of its dispersal judging by the dates when tiles were purchased by museums and private collectors. On p. 610 they update and add to the list of tiles made by Rasmussen, 1984. See also pp. 611-2, no. 379 two fragments of tiles.Vol. II, pp. 608-12referencepublication-6434adlib-publication-64344524f0a3-0484-3e51-8720-80332f8ac8a2Italian Renaissance Ceramics: A Catalogue of the British Museum Collection, Volume I and Volume IIreferencepublication-200002882adlib-publication-2000028828de3daaa-89bb-3a56-bb72-edbc68a7e104Ancora due righe su Sienareferencepublication-8947adlib-publication-894752ba0d6b-52e3-3851-9b56-2681ab3df986Early English and Continental Pottery from the John Philip Kassebaum CollectionCf. p. 33, nos. 21-2.33referencepublication-7529adlib-publication-75299257f380-1802-32af-bc3b-9d0b0abd8e70Italian Maiolica in the National Museums of ScotlandCf. p. 58, no. 20, (inv. ECl. 2377) and pp. 58-9, no. 21 (inv. ECl. 2469), examples in the Musée national de la Renaissance, at Écouen, formerly in the Musée de Cluny, Paris, when cited by Rasmussen, 1984.58-9referencepublication-8945adlib-publication-89459af956eb-b189-300f-96c4-6f5724ebad10Majolique, La faïence italienne au temps des humanistes 1480-1530Cf. pp. 140-4, no. 25, dated 1509, and no. 26. (inv. nos. O 1966.GP72.1 and O 1966 GP72.2) Tiles formerly in the Gambier Parry collection.140-4referencepublication-8944adlib-publication-89448ae54e96-a8df-31e0-8da3-ff6694ce355bItalian and Other Early Modern Ceramics in the Courtauld Gallerypp. 58-60 contribution by Marie-Laure de Rochebrune on thirty-three tiles from the Palazzo Petrucci pavement set into a table top attributed to the ébeniste, Alexandre-Georges Fourdinois (1799-1871) made about 1860.58-60referencepublication-8946adlib-publication-8946591dbe82-dd4a-34d0-a851-fa24bbfd366cMusée du Louvre. Catalogue. Nouvelles acquisitions du département des Objets d'art 1995-2002referenceterm-10618adlib-term-106189ebc0ae1-8cf8-312b-832c-9cf44da02136Renaissanceanimalreferenceterm-108315adlib-term-108315ea06694f-bb83-3a27-b0af-df81ae797f21griffinliteralgriffingriffinreferenceterm-110002adlib-term-110002ebb4a3e3-f205-389c-9cd1-ccd3a2bff3f8tile fragmenttile fragmentFragment of a pentagonal tile from the Palazzo Petrucci, Sienaobject
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